- How is your plant (or any plants in our garden, for that matter) getting bigger and adding biomass? Your explanation should correctly use the terms and concepts of cell division (mitosis), photosynthesis, and cellular respiration
Our plant is slowly adding biomass but it’s growth has stunted recently, most likely due to animals and insects. Other plants in the garden though, the weeds are growing very fast in biomass and have managed to take up most of the garden. This shows that the plants’s cells are dividing so that they are able to grow, they are also doing photosynthesis to get the nutrients they need to grow, the plants must also be doing cellular respiration because the plants are releasing oxygen and taking carbon dioxide in for photosynthesis and cellular respiration.
During photosynthesis the plants are doing a chemical process that takes in sunlight and carbon dioxide and turns it into sugars that the plants cells can use for energy. Photosynthesis happens is when carbon dioxide enters the leaf through the stomata by diffusion. The water that is absorbed from the soil by the roots. The sunlight absorbed in the. Chlorophyll absorbs light energy, which is used to do photosynthesis. Photosynthesis is a process driven by energy, glucose molecules or other sugars, are constructed from water and carbon dioxide. The byproduct in the process is oxygen.
Cellular respiration is basically the opposite of photosynthesis. The first step of cellular respiration is Glycolysis, where glucose undergoes chemical transformations, and in the end glucose gets converted into two molecules of pyruvate . In these reactions ATP is made, and NAD+ is converted into NADH. The second step of cellular respiration is Pyruvate oxidation, where each pyruvate goes into the mitochondrial matrix and is converted into a CoA. And Carbon Dioxide is released and NADPH is generated. The third step of cellular respiration the Citric acid cycle, where the acetyl CoA combines with a four carbon molecule and goes through a cycle of reactions, regenerating the four carbon starting molecule. ATP, NADH, and FADH2 is producaed, and carbon dioxide is released. The final step of cellular respiration is Oxidative phosphoryation, where the NADH and FADH2 deposits their electrons in the ecetron transport chain turning back into NAD+ and FAD. As the electrons are moving up the chan energy is beig released and used to pump protons to form a gradient. The protons then flow back into the matrix and through an enzyme called ATP synthase, making ATP. At the end of the transport chain oxygen takes the electrons and takes up protons to form water.
Cell division is happening to create new cells. Cells in the plant go throught the stages of Prophase, Metaphase, Anaphase, Telophase, and Cytokenisis to duplicate. In prophase the chromosomes get thicker and visable, and the nucleus dissapears. In Metaphase the chromosomes line up in the middle and the spindles grab ahold of the chromosomes. Anaphase is when the spindles help the chromosomes separate in half and move to opposite sides of the cell. Then in telophase the chomosomes have made it to the opposite sides of the cell and a nucleus has formed around the setts of chromosomes, and the cell starts to split in half. Finally in Cytokinesis, the cell splits in half, and the end relust is two new identical cells.
During photosynthesis the plants are doing a chemical process that takes in sunlight and carbon dioxide and turns it into sugars that the plants cells can use for energy. Photosynthesis happens is when carbon dioxide enters the leaf through the stomata by diffusion. The water that is absorbed from the soil by the roots. The sunlight absorbed in the. Chlorophyll absorbs light energy, which is used to do photosynthesis. Photosynthesis is a process driven by energy, glucose molecules or other sugars, are constructed from water and carbon dioxide. The byproduct in the process is oxygen.
Cellular respiration is basically the opposite of photosynthesis. The first step of cellular respiration is Glycolysis, where glucose undergoes chemical transformations, and in the end glucose gets converted into two molecules of pyruvate . In these reactions ATP is made, and NAD+ is converted into NADH. The second step of cellular respiration is Pyruvate oxidation, where each pyruvate goes into the mitochondrial matrix and is converted into a CoA. And Carbon Dioxide is released and NADPH is generated. The third step of cellular respiration the Citric acid cycle, where the acetyl CoA combines with a four carbon molecule and goes through a cycle of reactions, regenerating the four carbon starting molecule. ATP, NADH, and FADH2 is producaed, and carbon dioxide is released. The final step of cellular respiration is Oxidative phosphoryation, where the NADH and FADH2 deposits their electrons in the ecetron transport chain turning back into NAD+ and FAD. As the electrons are moving up the chan energy is beig released and used to pump protons to form a gradient. The protons then flow back into the matrix and through an enzyme called ATP synthase, making ATP. At the end of the transport chain oxygen takes the electrons and takes up protons to form water.
Cell division is happening to create new cells. Cells in the plant go throught the stages of Prophase, Metaphase, Anaphase, Telophase, and Cytokenisis to duplicate. In prophase the chromosomes get thicker and visable, and the nucleus dissapears. In Metaphase the chromosomes line up in the middle and the spindles grab ahold of the chromosomes. Anaphase is when the spindles help the chromosomes separate in half and move to opposite sides of the cell. Then in telophase the chomosomes have made it to the opposite sides of the cell and a nucleus has formed around the setts of chromosomes, and the cell starts to split in half. Finally in Cytokinesis, the cell splits in half, and the end relust is two new identical cells.
- Phosphoglycerate kinase (PKG) and ribulose 1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase (Rubisco) are two important enzymes used in photosynthesis. Describe how plants in the garden would make enzymes like these if a signal was sent to the nucleus to produce more of one of them. (Hint: enzymes belong to which category of biomolecule?)
Plants in the garden would make these enzymes when a RNA polymerase comes and undoes part of a DNA strand coping and transcribing it with RNA pairing bases to make a strand of RNA. Then after the DNA in put back together that new copied strip of RNA is taken to the ribosomes in the plant cell and there it is translated into amino acids which then build up into a protein or enzyme.
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